“It”典型句型例釋

時間:2022-02-19 02:39:00

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“It”典型句型例釋

“It”句型一直是近幾年NMET命題的熱點,同時也是日常教與學(xué)的重點和難點。在教材和練習(xí)中頻頻出現(xiàn),由于其繁雜多變,尤其是一些近似句型的辨析,常使同學(xué)們望而卻步。筆者在平時的教學(xué)中,注意收集這樣的句子,現(xiàn)將這些句子分類整理并作一簡析,希望能對同學(xué)們的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。

1.①Itis3years________hejoinedthearmy.

②Itwillbe3years________wemeetagain.

③Tomtoldmethatitwas3years________hehadleftschool.

A.before

B.after

C.since

D.when

析:①C,②A,③C。做這類題目應(yīng)從時態(tài)入手。句①是一個主從復(fù)合句,該句型常是:It+is(hasbeen)+sometime+sincesb.didsth.主句用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時,而從句則用一般過去時。句②為Itwillbe(was)+sometimebeforesb.does(did)sth.“多久某人干…”。主句要用一般將來時或一般過去時,before引導(dǎo)的從句則用對應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。又如:

Itwasn’tlongbeforewemetagain.

不久我們又見面了。

句③與句①是同一句型,只不過該句型出現(xiàn)在told引導(dǎo)的賓語從句之中了,故用了was和hadleft的形式。

2.①________iswellknowntousallthattheearthisround.

②________iswellknowntousall,theearthisround.

A.That

B.As

C.It

D.Which

析:①C,②B。句①中it是形式主語,真正的主語是從句“thattheearthisround”。句②中as引導(dǎo)一非限制性定語從句,代替后面整句內(nèi)容,置于句首。

3.①Wasitthehouse________AbrahamLincolnwasborn?

②Wasitinthehouse________AbrahamLincolnwasborn?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.bothAandB

析:①B,②A。句①的先行詞是thehouse,后面為一個定語從句,所以可填where或inwhich。句②為強調(diào)句型。判斷一個句子是否是強調(diào)句型,先把itis…that…這一結(jié)構(gòu)拋開,看其余部分能否構(gòu)成一個完整的句子。那么,句①還原為AbrahamLincolnwasbornthehouse.thehouse之前缺少介詞in,故不為強調(diào)句了。句②則相符,故選that。

4.①It’sverykind________youtohelpus.

②It’sveryimportant________ustokeepthebalanceofnature.

A.for

B.of

C.to

D.with

析:①B,②A。在句①中,常見的形容詞有kind,good,nice,foolish,stupid,wrong,clever等。他們用來修飾人,表示人物的品質(zhì)或性格特征。句①可變?yōu)閅ou’reverykindtohelpus.所以選B。而句②則不可,因其形容詞只能修飾后面的不定式,故用for。

5.①________nowonderthathehaspassedtheexam.

②________noneedforyoutowaithere.

A.Therebeing

B.Itwas

C.Itis

D.Thereis

析:①C,②D。句①為“無怪…”之意,it為形式主語,that從句為真正主語,該句型還常以Nowonder…,Smallwonder…或Littlewonder…等省略形式出現(xiàn)。又如:Nowonderhewaspunishedbyhisfather。句②為固定句型,多為否定句或疑問句。又如:Isthereanyneedtoexplainfurther?有必要更進一步說明嗎?

6.①Itisstrangethathe________theworkin3days.

②Itispossiblethathe________theworkin3days.

A.canfinish

B.isfinishing

C.shouldfinish

D.finish

析:①C,②A。在itisnecessary(important,strange,natural)等結(jié)構(gòu)的句子中,其后的主語從句用虛擬語氣,結(jié)構(gòu)為“should+動詞原形”。

7.①Itis(high)timethatwe________toschool.

②Itisthesecondtimethatwe________toBeijing.

A.go

B.went

C.havebeen

D.havegone

析:①B,②C。句①為Itis(high)time引導(dǎo)的定語從句,應(yīng)用虛擬語氣,其結(jié)構(gòu)為“過去式或should+動詞原形”,should不可省略。句②的先行詞time由序數(shù)詞修飾,從句要用完成時態(tài),且時態(tài)要和主句保持一致。又如:

It(This/That)wasthethirdtimethathehadbeeninvitedtoourschool.

It’llbethefourthtimethathe’llhavebeenthere.

8.①________doesn’tmattermuchwhetherhe’llcometotheparty.

②Ifeel________anhonourtobeinvitedtospeakhere.

A.this(This)

B.it(It)

C.that(That)

D.what(What)

析:①B,②B。在句①和句②中it分別作形式主語和形式賓語,故不能用this或that代替。

9.①It’snogood________suchathing.

②It’sofnoimportance________suchathing.

A.do

B.todo

C.doing

D.done

析:①C,②B。句①常用doing作真正的主語,故選C。類似句型還有It’snouse(useless)cryingoverthespiltmilk.句②則只能用不定式作真正主語。再如It’simportant/helpful/good/necessary/possible/right/

wrong+todo…。

10.①Itishopedthatyou________thereontime.

②Itisadvisedthatyou________thereontime.

A.arrive

B.shouldarrive“公務(wù)員之家有”版權(quán)所

C.willarrive

D.bothAandB

析:①C,②D。句①是it作形式主語,that從句作真正的主語。主從句時態(tài)一致是解題的關(guān)鍵。類似句型有:It’ssaid/believed/hoped/expected/reported/announced/whisperedthat…等等。做這類題目時,還應(yīng)注意其轉(zhuǎn)變題型。例如:

(NMET’99)Robertissaid________abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.

A.tohavestudied

B.tostudy

C.tobestudying

D.tohavebeenstudying

如果把首句變?yōu)镮tissaidthatRobert________,再結(jié)合后面的“studied”便可輕易得出答案A。

句②Itisadvisedthat…=sb.advisesthat,所以仍需用虛擬語氣,謂語動詞為shoulddo或do的形式。類似的句型還有Itisinsisted/ordered/suggested/demanded/required/requestedthat…等等。